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Dynamic Inhibition of Nuclear Receptor Activation by Corepressor Binding

Department of Life Science (Y.-C.S., S.-W.K., S.L., Y.-Y.K., J.W.L.), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea; Faculty of Marine Bioscience & Technology (Y.-C.S.), Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210-702, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (D.S.N.), College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 138-736, Korea; and Gene Expression Laboratory (S.-K.L.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, California 92037

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Jae Woon Lee, Ph.D., Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea. E-mail: jaewoon{at}postech.ac.kr; or Young-Chang Sohn, Ph.D., Faculty of Marine Bioscience & Technology, Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210-702, Korea. E-mail: ycsohn{at}kangnung.ac.kr.

Nuclear receptors adopt dramatically different conformations in the presence or absence of ligand, and such liganded (holo) and unliganded (apo) receptors are specifically recognized by transcriptional coactivators and corepressors, respectively. These two states likely exist in dynamic equilibrium, contrary to the conventional model of static off and on conformations. First, corepressor SMRT [for silencing mediator of thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)] inhibits the interaction of coactivator steroid receptor coactivator-1 with liganded TR/RAR. Second, SMRT enables receptors to adopt apo-form even in the presence of ligand, as demonstrated with limited proteolyses and decreased binding of radiolabeled retinoid to RAR. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation results indicate that SMRT and steroid receptor coactivator-1 dynamically compete for receptor bindings in vivo in the presence of ligand. These results suggest that corepressor binding can drive receptors to adopt the apo-state, even in the presence of ligand, and inhibit activated liganded (holo) nuclear receptors in vivo.

NURSA Molecule Pages Link:

Nuclear Receptors:   TRβ

Coregulators:   SRC-1  |  GRIP1  |  AIB1  |  ASC-2  |  NCOR

Ligands:   9-cis-Retinoic acid  |  Thyroid hormone

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