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Minireview |
Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Paul N. MacDonald, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106. E-mail: pnm2{at}po.cwru.edu.
The vitamin D endocrine system is critical for the proper development and maintenance of mineral ion homeostasis and skeletal integrity. Beyond these classical roles, recent evidence suggests that the bioactive metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, functions in diverse physiological processes, such as hair follicle cycling, blood pressure regulation, and mammary gland development. This minireview explores the current progress in unraveling the complexities of the vitamin D endocrine system by focusing on four main areas of research: the resolution of the vitamin D receptor crystal structure, the molecular details of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-mediated transcription, murine knockout models of key genes in the endocrine system, and alternative vitamin D receptors and ligands.
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E. R. Hines, O. I. Kolek, M. D. Jones, S. H. Serey, N. B. Sirjani, P. R. Kiela, P. W. Jurutka, M. R. Haussler, J. F. Collins, and F. K. Ghishan 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Down-regulation of PHEX Gene Expression Is Mediated by Apparent Repression of a 110 kDa Transfactor That Binds to a Polyadenine Element in the Promoter J. Biol. Chem., November 5, 2004; 279(45): 46406 - 46414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Matsunuma, T. Kawane, T. Maeda, S. Hamada, and N. Horiuchi Leptin Corrects Increased Gene Expression of Renal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1{alpha}-Hydroxylase and -24-Hydroxylase in Leptin-Deficient, ob/ob Mice Endocrinology, March 1, 2004; 145(3): 1367 - 1375. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Zhang, D. R. Dowd, A. Staal, C. Gu, J. B. Lian, A. J. van Wijnen, G. S. Stein, and P. N. MacDonald Nuclear Coactivator-62 kDa/Ski-interacting Protein Is a Nuclear Matrix-associated Coactivator That May Couple Vitamin D Receptor-mediated Transcription and RNA Splicing J. Biol. Chem., September 12, 2003; 278(37): 35325 - 35336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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