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Section of Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics, University of Genova, and Pharmacology and Neuroscience, National Institute for Cancer Research (IST), 16132 Genova, Italy
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Professor Tullio Florio, Sezione Farmacologia, Dipartimento Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Università di Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy. E-mail: florio{at}cba.unige.it.
We reported previously that, in addition to direct effects, somatostatin (SST) affects tumor growth inhibiting the tumoral neoangiogenesis, via an interference with NO synthesis. Here, we analyzed the effects of SST on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by different agonists [basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK)] and the intracellular signaling involved, using Chinese hamster ovary-k1 cells stably transfected with individual SSTR1–SSTR4. bFGF and insulin induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity via the generation of ceramide or the Akt-dependent phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, respectively. CCK regulates neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity in a Ca++- dependent manner. SST inhibited NO production stimulated by bFGF through SST receptor 1 (SSTR1), SSTR2, and SSTR3 and by CCK through SSTR2 and SSTR3. In all the cell lines, SST treatment did not modify NO synthesis induced by insulin. SSTR4 activation was not effective on any of the stimuli tested. The effects on bFGF-induced NO production were downstream from receptor phosphorylation and ceramide synthesis. SSTR2 and -3 on CCK activity were related to the inhibition of intracellular Ca++ mobilization, whereas the lack of effects on insulin was paralleled by the absence of SST activity on Akt phosphorylation. These data, identifying for the first time a selective receptor subtype-inhibitory role of SST on NO generation, may open new perspectives in the use of SST agonists to control tumoral angiogenesis.
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  F. Barbieri, A. Pattarozzi, M. Gatti, C. Aiello, A. Quintero, G. Lunardi, A. Bajetto, A. Ferrari, M. D. Culler, and T. Florio Differential efficacy of SSTR1, -2, and -5 agonists in the inhibition of C6 glioma growth in nude mice Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2009; 297(5): E1078 - E1088. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 F. Barbieri, A. Pattarozzi, M. Gatti, C. Porcile, A. Bajetto, A. Ferrari, M. D. Culler, and T. Florio Somatostatin Receptors 1, 2, and 5 Cooperate in the Somatostatin Inhibition of C6 Glioma Cell Proliferation in Vitro via a Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase-{eta}-Dependent Inhibition of Extracellularly Regulated Kinase-1/2 Endocrinology, September 1, 2008; 149(9): 4736 - 4746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. Arena, A. Pattarozzi, A. Massa, J.-P. Esteve, R. Iuliano, A. Fusco, C. Susini, and T. Florio An Intracellular Multi-Effector Complex Mediates Somatostatin Receptor 1 Activation of Phospho-Tyrosine Phosphatase {eta} Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2007; 21(1): 229 - 246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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