This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager NURSA Molecule Pages Link Reprints, Permissions and Rights Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Teboul, M. Articles by Delaunay, F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Teboul, M. Articles by Delaunay, F.

Minireview: The Nuclear Hormone Receptor Family Round the Clock

Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiopathologie des Systèmes Intégrés, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Nice 06 108 Cedex 02, France

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: F. Delaunay, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique FRE3094, 28 Avenue Valrose, 06 108 Nice cedex 02, France. E-mail: delaunay{at}unice.fr.

Daily rhythms in behavior and physiology are observed in most organisms. These rhythms are controlled by internal self-sustained circadian (24 h) clocks, which are present in virtually all cells. The 24-h oscillations are generated by a molecular mechanism entrained by external or internal time cues and which, in turn, regulate rhythmic outputs. In mammals, the circadian system comprises a master clock located in the hypothalamus that is directly entrained by the light-dark cycle and which coordinates the phases of local clocks in the periphery in order to ensure optimal timing of the physiology. Nuclear receptors (NRs) form a large family of transcription factors that include both ligand-inducible and orphan receptors. These NRs are key regulators of major biological processes such as reproduction, development, cell growth and death, inflammation, immunity, and metabolic homeostasis. Recent observations indicate that several NR signaling pathways play a critical role in central and peripheral circadian clocks. The REV-ERB/retinoid-related orphan receptor orphan NR subfamily regulates the expression of core clock genes and contributes to the robustness of the clock mechanism. Glucocorticoid and retinoic acid receptors are involved in the resetting of peripheral clocks. Several other NRs such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-, short heterodimer partner, and constitutive androstane receptor act as molecular links between clock genes and specific rhythmic metabolic outputs. The expanding functional links between NRs and circadian clocks open novel perspectives for understanding the hormonal regulation of the mammalian circadian system as well as for exploring the role of circadian clocks in the pathogenesis of NR-related diseases such as cancer and metabolic syndrome.

NURSA Molecule Pages Link:

Nuclear Receptors:   SHP  |  TRα  |  TRβ  |  RARα  |  RARβ  |  RARγ  |  PPARα  |  PPARδ  |  PPARγ  |  REV-ERBα  |  REV-ERBβ  |  Eip75  |  RORα  |  RORβ  |  RORγ  |  LXRβ  |  LXRα  |  FXRα  |  PXR  |  CAR  |  HNF4α  |  RXRα  |  RXRβ  |  RXRγ  |  PNR  |  ERα  |  ERβ  |  ERRα  |  ERRβ  |  ERRγ  |  GR  |  AR  |  NGFIB  |  NURR1  |  SF-1  |  LRH-1

Coregulators:   NCOR

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. Cho, M. Noshiro, M. Choi, K. Morita, T. Kawamoto, K. Fujimoto, Y. Kato, and M. Makishima The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins Differentiated Embryo Chondrocyte (DEC) 1 and DEC2 Function as Corepressors of Retinoid X Receptors Mol. Pharmacol., December 1, 2009; 76(6): 1360 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Rambaud, G. Triqueneaux, I. Masse, B. Staels, V. Laudet, and G. Benoit Rev-erb{alpha}2 mRNA Encodes a Stable Protein with a Potential Role in Circadian Clock Regulation Mol. Endocrinol., May 1, 2009; 23(5): 630 - 639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]