| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Molecular Endocrinology, Vol 9, 108-120, Copyright © 1995 by Endocrine Society
ARTICLES |
RW Clarkson, CM Chen, S Harrison, C Wells, GE Muscat and MJ Waters
Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Queensland St. Lucia, Australia.
Using the 3T3-F442A preadipocyte line as a model of GH-dependent differentiation, early changes in the DNA-binding affinity of transcription factors in response to GH addition were investigated. Addition of 50 ng/ml human GH to cells in chemically defined medium led to a rapid increase in binding activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP), which was significant at 30 min and reached maximal induction by 2 h (3-fold for AP-1, 2.5-fold for C/EBP). Induction in AP-1 DNA binding correlates with a concomitant GH trans-activation of c-jun and c-fos genes described previously. Using specific antibodies in electrophoretic mobility shift assays and Western blots, it was shown that the increase in activity of C/EBP is the result of an increase in synthesis of two alternatively translated forms of C/EBP beta: 40-C/EBP beta and 23-C/EBP beta. This increase in protein was not accompanied by alteration in mRNA level and could be blocked by a Janus kinase 2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a C kinase inhibitor at concentrations shown to inhibit GH-dependent activation of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) kinases. Concomitant with the translationally activated increase in C/EBP beta, a GH-dependent increase was observed in C/EBP delta transcription. This was accompanied by an increase in mRNA for C/EBP delta, which was superinduced by cycloheximide and, unlike the increase in C/EBP beta protein, was not observed with insulin. Thus GH exerts its effects on C/EBP isoforms at two levels: transcriptional activation of C/EBP delta and translational activation of C/EBP beta. It is proposed that GH- dependent phosphorylation results in the efficient translation of 40- C/EBP beta and 23-C/EBP beta (the mouse homolog of the inhibitor liver- enriched inhibitory protein), and that together with the induction of C/EBP delta, these may be involved in initiating the adipocyte differentiation program.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  H. Jin, N. J. Lanning, and C. Carter-Su JAK2, But Not Src Family Kinases, Is Required for STAT, ERK, and Akt Signaling in Response to Growth Hormone in Preadipocytes and Hepatoma Cells Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2008; 22(8): 1825 - 1841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. X. Cui, R. Kwok, and J. Schwartz Cooperative regulation of endogenous cAMP-response element binding protein and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein in GH-stimulated c-fos expression J. Endocrinol., January 1, 2008; 196(1): 89 - 100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H Lo, P. P. Chiou, C M Lin, and T. T Chen Molecular cloning and expression analysis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) CCAAT/enhancer binding protein genes and their responses to induction by GH in vitro and in vivo J. Endocrinol., August 1, 2007; 194(2): 393 - 406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. I. Cesena, J.-R. Cardinaux, R. Kwok, and J. Schwartz CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein (C/EBP) beta Is Acetylated at Multiple Lysines: ACETYLATION OF C/EBPbeta AT LYSINE 39 MODULATES ITS ABILITY TO ACTIVATE TRANSCRIPTION J. Biol. Chem., January 12, 2007; 282(2): 956 - 967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Kawai, N. Namba, S. Mushiake, Y. Etani, R. Nishimura, M. Makishima, and K. Ozono Growth hormone stimulates adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells through activation of the Stat5A/5B-PPAR{gamma} pathway J. Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2007; 38(1): 19 - 34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Huo, R. C. McEachin, T. X. Cui, N. K. Duggal, T. Hai, D. J. States, and J. Schwartz Profiles of Growth Hormone (GH)-regulated Genes Reveal Time-dependent Responses and Identify a Mechanism for Regulation of Activating Transcription Factor 3 By GH J. Biol. Chem., February 17, 2006; 281(7): 4132 - 4141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. X. Cui, G. Piwien-Pilipuk, J. S. Huo, J. Kaplani, R. Kwok, and J. Schwartz Endogenous CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein {beta} and p300 Are Both Regulated by Growth Hormone to Mediate Transcriptional Activation Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2005; 19(8): 2175 - 2186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Kotokorpi, C. Gardmo, C. S. Nystrom, and A. Mode Activation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor or Liver X Receptors Interferes with Growth Hormone-Induced akr1b7 Gene Expression in Rat Hepatocytes Endocrinology, December 1, 2004; 145(12): 5704 - 5713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Shang and M. J. Waters Constitutively Active Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 Can Replace the Requirement for Growth Hormone in Adipogenesis of 3T3-F442A Preadipocytes Mol. Endocrinol., December 1, 2003; 17(12): 2494 - 2508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. P. Pilipuk, M. D. Galigniana, and J. Schwartz Subnuclear Localization of C/EBP{beta} Is Regulated by Growth Hormone and Dependent on MAPK J. Biol. Chem., September 12, 2003; 278(37): 35668 - 35677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. N. Bradley, L. Zhou, and S. T. Smale C/EBP{beta} Regulation in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2003; 23(14): 4841 - 4858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Piwien-Pilipuk, O. MacDougald, and J. Schwartz Dual Regulation of Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation of C/EBPbeta Modulate Its Transcriptional Activation and DNA Binding in Response to Growth Hormone J. Biol. Chem., November 8, 2002; 277(46): 44557 - 44565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. P. Tam, P. Lau, J. Djiane, D. J. Hilton, and M. J. Waters Tissue-Specific Induction of SOCS Gene Expression by PRL Endocrinology, November 1, 2001; 142(11): 5015 - 5026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Xiong, C.-C. Hsieh, A. J. Kurtz, J. P. Rabek, and J. Papaconstantinou Regulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-{beta} isoform synthesis by alternative translational initiation at multiple AUG start sites Nucleic Acids Res., July 15, 2001; 29(14): 3087 - 3098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Kikuchi, T. Matsuguchi, N. Tsuboi, A. Mitani, S. Tanaka, M. Matsuoka, G. Yamamoto, T. Hishikawa, T. Noguchi, and Y. Yoshikai Gene Expression of Osteoclast Differentiation Factor Is Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mouse Osteoblasts Via Toll-Like Receptors J. Immunol., March 1, 2001; 166(5): 3574 - 3579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Aberg, B. Carlsson, L. Rosengren, J. Oscarsson, O. G. P. Isaksson, L. Ronnback, and P. S. Eriksson Growth Hormone Increases Connexin-43 Expression in the Cerebral Cortex and Hypothalamus Endocrinology, October 1, 2000; 141(10): 3879 - 3886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. N. Behncken, N. Billestrup, R. Brown, J. Amstrup, B. Conway-Campbell, and M. J. Waters Growth Hormone (GH)-independent Dimerization of GH Receptor by a Leucine Zipper Results in Constitutive Activation J. Biol. Chem., May 26, 2000; 275(22): 17000 - 17007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. W. E. Clarkson, J. L. Heeley, R. Chapman, F. Aillet, R. T. Hay, A. Wyllie, and C. J. Watson NF-kappa B Inhibits Apoptosis in Murine Mammary Epithelia J. Biol. Chem., April 21, 2000; 275(17): 12737 - 12742. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Nanbu-Wakao, Y. Fujitani, Y. Masuho, M.-a. Muramatu, and H. Wakao Prolactin Enhances CCAAT Enhancer-Binding Protein-{beta} (C/EBP{beta}) and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) Messenger RNA Expression and Stimulates Adipogenic Conversion of NIH-3T3 Cells Mol. Endocrinol., February 1, 2000; 14(2): 307 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Liao, G. Piwien-Pilipuk, S. E. Ross, C. L. Hodge, L. Sealy, O. A. MacDougald, and J. Schwartz CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein beta (C/EBPbeta ) and C/EBPdelta Contribute to Growth Hormone-regulated Transcription of c-fos J. Biol. Chem., October 29, 1999; 274(44): 31597 - 31604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Contreras and F. Talamantes Growth Hormone (GH) and 17{beta}-Estradiol Regulation of the Expression of Mouse GH Receptor and GH-Binding Protein in Cultured Mouse Hepatocytes Endocrinology, October 1, 1999; 140(10): 4725 - 4731. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. W. E. Clarkson, C. A. Shang, L. K. Levitt, T. Howard, and M. J. Waters Ternary Complex Factors Elk-1 and Sap-1a Mediate Growth Hormone-Induced Transcription of Egr-1 (Early Growth Response Factor-1) in 3T3-F442A Preadipocytes Mol. Endocrinol., April 1, 1999; 13(4): 619 - 631. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E Juarez-Aguilar, F Castro-Munozledo, N. Guerra-Rodriguez, D Resendez-Perez, H. Martinez-Rodriguez, H. Barrera-Saldana, and W Kuri-Harcuch Functional domains of human growth hormone necessary for the adipogenic activity of hGH/hPL chimeric molecules J. Cell Sci., January 9, 1999; 112(18): 3127 - 3135. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Moutoussamy, F. Renaudie, F. Lago, P. A. Kelly, and J. Finidori Grb10 Identified as a Potential Regulator of Growth Hormone (GH) Signaling by Cloning of GH Receptor Target Proteins J. Biol. Chem., June 26, 1998; 273(26): 15906 - 15912. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-C. Hsieh, W. Xiong, Q. Xie, J. P. Rabek, S. G. Scott, M. R. An, P. D. Reisner, D. T. Kuninger, and J. Papaconstantinou Effects of Age on the Posttranscriptional Regulation of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein alpha and CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein beta Isoform Synthesis in Control and LPS-Treated Livers Mol. Biol. Cell, June 1, 1998; 9(6): 1479 - 1494. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. W. Rowlinson, S. N. Behncken, J. E. Rowland, R. W. Clarkson, C. J. Strasburger, Z. Wu, W. Baumbach, and M. J. Waters Activation of Chimeric and Full-length Growth Hormone Receptors by Growth Hormone Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies. A SPECIFIC CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE MAY BE REQUIRED FOR FULL-LENGTH RECEPTOR SIGNALING J. Biol. Chem., February 27, 1998; 273(9): 5307 - 5314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Lahuna, L. Fernandez, H. Karlsson, D. Maiter, F. P. Lemaigre, G. G. Rousseau, J.-A. Gustafsson, and A. Mode Expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 in rat liver is sex-dependent and regulated by growth hormone PNAS, November 11, 1997; 94(23): 12309 - 12313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Liao, C. Hodge, D. Meyer, P. S. Ho, K. Rosenspire, and J. Schwartz Growth Hormone Regulates Ternary Complex Factors and Serum Response Factor Associated with the c-fos Serum Response Element J. Biol. Chem., October 10, 1997; 272(41): 25951 - 25958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Wyse and C. Sernia Growth Hormone Regulates AT-1a Angiotensin Receptors in Astrocytes Endocrinology, October 1, 1997; 138(10): 4176 - 4180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Waxman, S. Zhao, and H. K. Choi Interaction of a Novel Sex-dependent, Growth Hormone-regulated Liver Nuclear Factor with CYP2C12 Promoter J. Biol. Chem., November 22, 1996; 271(47): 29978 - 29987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Delesque-Touchard, S.-H. Park, and D. J. Waxman Synergistic Action of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factors 3 and 6 on CYP2C12 Gene Expression and Suppression by Growth Hormone-activated STAT5b. PROPOSED MODEL FOR FEMALE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION OF CYP2C12 IN ADULT RAT LIVER J. Biol. Chem., October 27, 2000; 275(44): 34173 - 34182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Endocrinology | Endocrine Reviews | J. Clin. End. & Metab. |
| Molecular Endocrinology | Recent Prog. Horm. Res. | All Endocrine Journals |
