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Molecular Endocrinology, Vol 9, 691-705, Copyright © 1995 by Endocrine Society
ARTICLES |
SK Das, I Chakraborty, BC Paria, XN Wang, G Plowman and SK Dey
Department of Physiology, Ralph L. Smith Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7338, USA.
A synchrony between the activated state of the blastocyst and differentiation of the uterus to the receptive state is essential to the process of implantation. This process is directed by progesterone (P4) and estrogen. The mechanism by which P4 differentiates the uterus, enabling estrogen to initiate implantation, is unknown but likely to involve localized induction of growth and differentiation factors. We have cloned the murine amphiregulin (AR) gene, a newly discovered member of the epidermal growth factor family, and demonstrate that its expression is implantation-specific and P4-regulated in the mouse uterus. A transient surge in AR mRNA levels occurred throughout the uterine epithelium on day 4 of pregnancy. With the onset of blastocyst attachment late on day 4, AR mRNA accumulated in the luminal epithelium exclusively at the sites of blastocysts. Thus, AR expression correlated first with rising P4 levels and then with the attachment reaction. The rapid induction of AR mRNA in the ovariectomized uterus only by P4 and abrogation of this induction by RU-486 (a P4 receptor antagonist) suggest that this uterine gene is regulated by P4. AR appeared to exhibit preferential phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor in the uterus over that in the blastocyst. This is a first report of a P4-regulated uterine epithelial cell growth factor that is associated with epithelial cell differentiation during implantation. The association of AR in implantation is further documented by its down- regulation in the day 4 pregnant uterus in which uterine receptivity and implantation were disrupted by estrogen or RU-486 treatment on day 3. These results further indicate that the expression of the AR gene could serve as a molecular marker for the receptive state of the uterus for implantation.
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J. Reese, S. K. Das, B. C. Paria, H. Lim, H. Song, H. Matsumoto, K. L. Knudtson, R. N. DuBois, and S. K. Dey Global Gene Expression Analysis to Identify Molecular Markers of Uterine Receptivity and Embryo Implantation J. Biol. Chem., November 16, 2001; 276(47): 44137 - 44145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. E. Leach, R. Khalifa, D. R. Armant, A. Brudney, S. K. Das, S. K. Dey, and A. T. Fazleabas Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor Modulation by Antiprogestin and CG in the Baboon (Papio anubis) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2001; 86(9): 4520 - 4528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. G. Richards, D. M. Klotz, M. R. Bush, D. K. Walmer, and R. P. DiAugustine E2-Induced Degradation of Uterine Insulin Receptor Substrate-2: Requirement for an IGF-I-Stimulated, Proteasome-Dependent Pathway Endocrinology, September 1, 2001; 142(9): 3842 - 3849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. Julian, S. K. Das, S. K. Dey, D. Baraniak, V.-T. Ta, and D. D. Carson Expression of Heparin/Heparan Sulfate Interacting Protein/Ribosomal Protein L29 During the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy in the Mouse Biol Reprod, April 1, 2001; 64(4): 1165 - 1175. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. R. Chen, J.-G. Cheng, T. Shatzer, L. Sewell, L. Hernandez, and C. L. Stewart Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Can Substitute for Nidatory Estrogen and Is Essential to Inducing a Receptive Uterus for Implantation But Is Not Essential for Subsequent Embryogenesis Endocrinology, December 1, 2000; 141(12): 4365 - 4372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Suzuki, D. Nadano, B. C. Paria, S. Kupriyanov, K. Sugihara, and M. N. Fukuda Trophinin Expression in the Mouse Uterus Coincides with Implantation and Is Hormonally Regulated But Not Induced by Implanting Blastocysts Endocrinology, November 1, 2000; 141(11): 4247 - 4254. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Song, H. Lim, S. K. Das, B. C. Paria, and S. K. Dey Dysregulation of EGF Family of Growth Factors and COX-2 in the Uterus during the Preattachment and Attachment Reactions of the Blastocyst with the Luminal Epithelium Correlates with Implantation Failure in LIF- Deficient Mice Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2000; 14(8): 1147 - 1161. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. Reese, N. Binart, N. Brown, W.-g. Ma, B. C. Paria, S. K. Das, P. A. Kelly, and S. K. Dey Implantation and Decidualization Defects in Prolactin Receptor (PRLR)-Deficient Mice Are Mediated by Ovarian But Not Uterine PRLR Endocrinology, May 1, 2000; 141(5): 1872 - 1881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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O. M. Conneely, J. P. Lydon, F. De Mayo, and B. W. O'Malley Reproductive Functions of the Progesterone Receptor Reproductive Sciences, January 1, 2000; 7(1_suppl): S25 - S32. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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J. Tan, B. C. Paria, S. K. Dey, and S. K. Das Differential Uterine Expression of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors Correlates with Uterine Preparation for Implantation and Decidualization in the Mouse Endocrinology, November 1, 1999; 140(11): 5310 - 5321. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. F. Couse and K. S. Korach Estrogen Receptor Null Mice: What Have We Learned and Where Will They Lead Us? Endocr. Rev., June 1, 1999; 20(3): 358 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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H. Lim, L. Ma, W.-g. Ma, R. L. Maas, and S. K. Dey Hoxa-10 Regulates Uterine Stromal Cell Responsiveness to Progesterone during Implantation and Decidualization in the Mouse Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 1999; 13(6): 1005 - 1017. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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B. C. Paria, J. Tan, D. B. Lubahn, S. K. Dey, and S. K. Das Uterine Decidual Response Occurs in Estrogen Receptor-{alpha}-Deficient Mice Endocrinology, June 1, 1999; 140(6): 2704 - 2710. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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C. I. Ace and W. C. Okulicz Identification of Progesterone-Dependent Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Regulatory Patterns in the Rhesus Monkey Endometrium by Differential-Display Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Biol Reprod, April 1, 1999; 60(4): 1029 - 1035. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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