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This version published online on June 4, 2009
Molecular Endocrinology, doi:10.1210/me.2009-0071
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Submitted on February 13, 2009
Accepted on May 26, 2009

Histone Acetylated Control of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Intron 2 Polymorphisms and Isoform Splicing in Breast Cancer

Xuegong Zhu, Sylvia L. Asa, and Shereen Ezzat*

Departments of Medicine and Pathology and the Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Hospital, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G-2M9

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: shereen.ezzat{at}utoronto.ca.

Recent genome-wide association studies have identified FGFR2 as one of a few candidate genes linked with breast cancer susceptibility. In particular, the disease-predisposing allele of FGFR2 is inherited as a 7.5 kb region within intron 2 that harbors eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The relationship between these SNPs and FGFR2 gene expression remains unclear. Here we show the common occurrence of polymorphisms within the intron 2 region in a panel of 10 breast cancer cell lines. High FGFR2-expressing cell lines such as MCF-7 cells displayed polymorphic sequences with constitutive histone acetylation at multiple intron 2 sequences harboring putative transcription binding sites. Knockdown of Runx2 or C/EBP{beta} in these cells resulted in diminished endogenous FGFR2 gene expression. In contrast FGFR2-negative MDA-231 cells were wild-type and showed evidence of histone 3/4 deacetylation at the rs2981578, rs10736303, and rs7895676 disease-associated alleles that harbor binding sites for Runx2, ER, and C/EBP{beta} respectively. Histone deacetylation inhibition with trichostatin A (TSA) resulted in enhanced acetylation at these intron 2 sites, an effect associated with robust FGFR2 re-expression. Isoform analysis proved re-expression of the FGFR2-IIIc variant whose splicing was positively influenced by TSA-mediated recruitment of the Fas-activated serine/threonine phosphoprotein (FAST) survival protein. Our findings highlight the potential role of histone acetylation in modulating access to selected polymorphic sites within intron 2 as well as downstream splicing sites in generating variable FGFR2 levels and isoforms in breast cancer.


Key words: FGF receptors • FGFR2 • breast cancer • SNPs • FAST • epigenetics







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