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Submitted on January 16, 2004
Accepted on July 30, 2004
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn,' Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy. Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR and Dept. di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Universita' di Napoli Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rdilauro{at}unina.it.
We previously demonstrated that transcription of the rat sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene is regulated by NUE, an upstream enhancer located between nucleotides -2,264 and -2,495 of the 5'-flanking region. To elucidate the mechanism of thyrotropin/cAMP-mediated regulation of NIS gene expression, we have characterized the putative CRE/AP-1 site (termed NUC) that is closely located between the two Pax-8 binding sites within NUE. In two different approaches using either gel supershift analyses or dominant negative inhibitors of b-Zip molecules, we have shown that NUC can be recognized by several members of the AP-1 and CREB family transcription factors that modulate the transcriptional activity of NUE. Using tethered dimers of b-Zip molecules, we have also demonstrated that specific homo- or heterodimers of AP-1 can synergistically stimulate NUE activity in concert with Pax-8. To demonstrate further that NUC is a bona fide cAMP-response element, we made an artificial promoter with the five-time tandem repeat of this sequence (5x NUC). In comparison to the canonical CRE (5xCRE), 5x NUC manifested greater transcriptional activity and broader response to cAMP signaling. Hence, we postulate that the significance of this evolutionally conserved CRE-like site may lie in its broader cell type specificity.
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